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Market Summary by AFORTI: Strengthening of the Polish Zloty, Rising WIG and Record Debt in the USA

9 December 2024

Macroeconomic situation

Poland:

1. PMI for industry (points): 48.9; forecast 49; previously 49.2;

2. MPC decision on interest rates (%): 5.75; forecast 5.75; previously 5.75;

3. Press conference of the President of the NBP;

4. MPC meeting (Minutes);

5. NBP FX Reserves(in foreign currency; billion euro): 206.7; previously 198.15;

Eurozone:

1. speeches by ECB President C.Lagarde;

2. retail sales (%;y/y; Oct): value 1.9; forecast 1.7; previously 3.0;

3. GDP (%;Q/q; 3Q): value 0.4; forecast 0.4; previously 0.4;

4. GDP (%;y/y; 3Q): value 0.9; forecast 0.9; previously 0.9;

Germany:

1. HCOB PMI for Manufacturing (Lis): value 43; forecast 43.2; previously 43.2;

2. HCOB PMI Composite (overall; Lis): value 47.2; forecast 47.3; previously 47.3;

3. HCOB PMI for services (Lis): value 49.3; forecast 49.4; previously 49.4;

UK:

1. BOE Chairman Bailey speech;

USA:

1. ISM PMI for manufacturing (Lis): value 48.4; forecast 47.5; previously 46.5;

2. ADP Employment Change (thousands; Nov): value 146; forecast 150; previously 184;

3. ISM PMI for services (Nov): value 52.1; forecast 55.5; previously 56.0;

4. speech by Fed Chairman J.Powell

5. hourly wages (%;m/m; Lis): value 0.4; forecast 0.3; previously 0.4;

6. hourly wages (%; y/y; Lis): value 4; forecast 3.9; previously 4;

7. non-farm payroll employment (thousands; Lis): value 227; forecast 200; previously 36;

8. Michigan Consumer Confidence Index (preliminary; pt; Dec): value 74; forecast 73; previously 71.8;


Foreign exchange market:

The Polish zloty (PLN) strengthened against the euro (EUR) by 0.74% and oscillated between 4.2593 and 4.3044.

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Meanwhile, against the US dollar (USD), the Polish zloty (PLN) also strengthened by 0.74% and oscillated between 4.0185 and 4.0958.

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Oil and gold market

The price of BRENT crude oil fell by 1.42% in the past week and settled in a range of USD 70.92-74.26/barrel.

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The price of gold, on the other hand, lost 0.71% and settled in a range of US$2 638.95-2 680.76 per ounce.

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Stock market

The WIG index gained 4.4% this week and oscillated between 79,627 and 83,362.

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Summary

There are concerns that Donald Trump's plan to end the war in Ukraine will be a disastrous deal for Ukraine. However, the prospect of NATO membership is looming for Ukraine. The condition is that all NATO members (32 countries) agree. The Economist forecasts that the number of casualties from the war in Ukraine could reach 1 million by the end of 2025.

In Europe, the topic of an EU army constantly comes up. However, it is important to know that historically countries arm themselves not to spend money.

The gross national debt in the USA has reached $36 trillion, which is $107,000 per person. The deficits are respectively: US - 6.6%; India - 8%; Brazil - 10%; Eurozone - 3.6% (manufacturing); France - 5.5%; Italy 7.2%; and Poland 5.3%. Interestingly, in many of these countries the rulers have changed. Which can be seen as a social response to irresponsibility. In the post-crisis era, many countries forced banks and pension funds to ‘recapitalise’ and hold capital in more liquid assets (government bonds).

Meanwhile, the spread between US bonds (Treasuries) and high-yielding corporate bonds is close to a record high - right from before the Great Depression of 2007-2009 (down to 2.6 points).

       On 25 November, Donald Trump announced new tariffs. Thus, General Motors lost 9% on its stock price in one day and Ford almost 3%. It is worth mentioning that only 15% of China's exports are directed to the USA. This compares with 78-80% of exports from countries such as Canada and Mexico.

Speaking of tariffs and duties, it is worth mentioning that the US dollar (USD) is almost at the same level as a year ago against a basket of global currencies.

Zbigniew Lazar

TREASURY DEPARTMENT 

AFORTI.BIZ

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