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Market Summary according to AFORTI: President's signature on the budget bill, appropriate GDP reading, rates unchanged overseas

6 February 2024

The last week in Poland was mainly about the signing of the submitted budget act by the President. Let us remind you that the budget assumes a record deficit of PLN 184 billion. This includes revenues of PLN 682 billion and expenses of PLN 866 billion. The finance sector deficit will amount to 5.1%. In addition to signing the act, the President decided to submit the document to the Constitutional Tribunal as a post-control procedure. The justification given was the absence from the vote of two deputies who lost their seats as a result of the Court's judgment and were later pardoned by the President. The Constitutional Tribunal has 2 months to issue a ruling. However, this will not change anything regarding the voted budget, which will be implemented according to the assumptions adopted by the government. Slightly more disturbing is the President's announcement that he will veto any bill that will not be voted on by the above-mentioned MPs. We will probably get more information after the meeting of the Cabinet Council - which was convened by the President on Tuesday, February 13.

The other information coming from the domestic market is the PMI reading in the field of industrial production, which is still not able to recover. Instead of the expected increase above 48, the reading showed a decrease of 0.3 points - to 47.1. These data correlate with earlier data readings regarding falling consumption and worse orders in foreign trade.

Another negative signal was the GDP reading for 2023. The growth of the Polish economy slowed down to 0.2% compared to the expected value of 0.5%. This is a very surprising result, meaning that the Polish economy is practically teetering on the verge of recession. Interestingly, the reaction of the currency market was completely opposite and instead of losing the zloty, it was strengthening. Looking at these data, the question remains whether the GDP growth values ​​forecast by the International Monetary Fund for 2024 and 2025 will be maintained. The latest forecasts are 2.8% Y/Y in 2024 and 3.2% Y/Y in 2025.

Looking at the information from the European market, the European economy is still hovering slightly above levels suggesting a recession. According to the Bundesbank's assessment, the German economy will remain stagnant in the first quarter of 2024. The economies from southern Europe (Italy, Spain) are doing slightly better, but it is still difficult to talk about results similar to those in the USA.

On Wednesday, January 31, investors' eyes were on the Fed. As expected, interest rates remained unchanged. Jerome Powell's conference brought confirmation that changes in interest rates should not be expected in the next 2-3 months. This announcement is consistent with market expectations. Our assumption about the upcoming movements related to the first rate cuts in May or June remains unchanged. Let us recall that the market is anticipating declines of 50-75 basis points in 2024. However, a series of very good data coming from the US will probably result in slightly more cautious actions by the FED, which will try not to fuel inflation.

After the FED announcement, the stock exchange initially lost 0.8-2.2%, but data from the largest corporations in the US brought great enthusiasm for investors in technology companies. And so - Meta (Facebook) increased its net profit to USD 14 billion in the last quarter (from PLN 4.7 billion a year earlier), Microsoft earned net profit of USD 21.9 billion, and Alphabet (Google) - USD 20.7 billion. 

The previous week also saw very good data from the American labor market. The data surprised the market, which expected an increase of approximately 215,000 new jobs. Meanwhile, the reading was almost 330,000, which surprised analysts. At the same time, unemployment remained unchanged at 3.7%.

Looking at the currency market, we saw continued rapid fluctuations of the Polish zloty against all currencies. Once again, the local market surprised and did not give in to the expected calm down. The zloty was gaining strongly, which was at least surprising in the light of the weak GDP readings from Poland. In our opinion, we experienced increased demand for our currency - suggesting increased interest in our debt securities.

The zloty, which 10 days ago was approaching EUR/PLN 4.3900, last week began to fall to 4.3600, and then before the end of the week it dropped below EUR/PLN 4.3100. Does this open up opportunities to further strengthen our currency? Not necessarily. First of all, the PLN has already returned from strong support at the EUR/PLN 4.3000 level. Secondly, we are still dealing with worse data from Polish exports. As we mentioned, such sudden movements may result from portfolio investments in Polish bonds.

Therefore, it should be expected that next week will be a possible attempt to break the EUR/PLN level of 4.3000, with the upper resistance around 4.3450.

EUR/PLN – perspective of the last 10 days.wyk1-1.png



Looking at the US currency, the dollar also gained, moving from USD/PLN 4.0470 to almost 3.9550. The increased volatility in relation to PLN was accompanied by changes in EUR/USD, where the Euro was losing in recent days almost to the level of 1.0780.

Similarly to EUR/PLN, here too we expect increased volatility to continue, and the zloty will be traded in the USD/PLN range of 3.9600-4.0400

 USD/PLN over the last 10 dayswyk2-1.png



The above-mentioned EUR/USD quotations corrected to even 1.0780 from the initial levels in the previous month of above EUR/USD 1.1000. The dollar was gaining due to the above-mentioned macroeconomic data readings, which were better than those in Europe. Currently, we do not expect that there will be a strong break above the resistance at EUR/USD 1.0970, but rather we will observe levels closer to EUR/USD 1.0780-1.0880wyk3-1.png



EUR/USD over the last 10 days

A brief look at the commodity markets - especially BRENT crude oil. The turmoil related to the prolonged conflict in the Gaza Strip has lost some of its importance and the main burden of concern has shifted to the situation related to attacks on merchant ships passing through the Red Sea on the trade route through the Suez Canal. The latest massive US military action against the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps militants in Syria and Iraq may suggest that the US will try to quickly bring the situation under control and prevent the conflict from spreading to the region. Oil prices began to fall and returned to levels around USD 78-79/barrel.

BRENT crude oil – last month USD/barrelwyk4-1.png


Gold – still remains an attractive asset. The recent increase to almost USD 2,050/ounce was corrected after the latest data from the USA. However, there is still interest in keeping this precious metal in the portfolio - as a stable investment.wyk5-1.png


Finally, a short look at the stock markets. We saw increased optimism on global markets, which also returned to the Polish stock exchange. After recent corrections to around 74,000, the WIG index returned to almost 80,000 points. WIG 20 also gained - returning to the level of 2,350, which is close to last year's record of 2,380.

wyk6-1.png


Szymon Jańczak

Director of the Treasury Department

AFORTI.BIZ

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