Platform available in the following countries:
Aforti Exchange

Market Summary by AFORTI: Increase in inflation in Poland, decline in industrial PMI, expected interest rate cuts by the ECB, the stock market is showing volatility

6 May 2024

The last week in our market has been a popular so-called May holiday, which usually means very limited macroeconomic data releases, and there was noticeably less activity in our currency market as well. In Poland, on Tuesday we got to know the preliminary reading of CPI consumer inflation, which amounted to 2.4% y/y. This figure was higher, in line with analysts' expectations, than just a month earlier - when it stood at 2.0% y/y.  Clearly, the reintroduction of 5% VAT on foodstuffs has had an impact on prices and, consequently, on inflation. We will probably have to wait another 2-3 months to be able to say that the effect of the VAT change has been 'consumed' in the macroeconomic data. What is encouraging is that the aforementioned price battles of the major retail chains allowed the change to be cushioned and not be felt as much in the basket of basic purchases. The CPI reading in m/m terms was 1.0% vs 0.2% in the previous month. We can therefore already conclude that the lowest value of inflation is behind us and that subsequent values will gradually increase. A rather strong inflationary impulse will undoubtedly come from the end of the electricity shields. Admittedly, the government is working on a few forms of offsetting this change - but so far we have only learned about the vague assumptions related to subsidies for the lowest income earners and energy vouchers - mainly for senior citizens. One curiosity is that the possible subsidies will apply to people who use a lot of energy, while people from households with lower demand will pay more. This is somewhat inconsistent - as many people invest in home insulation, renewable energy sources or energy-efficient light sources and appliances with lower power consumption. So it looks inconsistent if reducing energy consumption is promoted. It should also be recalled at this point that the budget assumptions prepared by the previous government provided for both an increase in VAT on food and an end to financial support in relation to energy prices. Invariably, it must also be emphasised that all these measures taken to reduce inflation - are/were based on reduced budget revenues. Thus, in the light of increasing social transfers - ultimately, we must be aware that these funds must come into the budget from taxes - mainly PIT, CIT and VAT - in order to provide funding - including for shelter programmes.

From other data - on Thursday we got to know the PMI index for Polish industry in April. Here, unfortunately, we had to deal with worse data - we recorded a decline from 48.00 in March to 45.90 in April - when the median market expectation was 47.50. This is also the aftermath of a decline in industrial production in April - by 6.4% y/y and 14.8% m/m. It will be worth paying attention to these indicators in May - as it will be possible to see whether we are dealing with a one-off fluctuation - or whether our economy is slipping into a more permanent slowdown. Certainly, these figures will have an impact on the decisions that the MPC will make at its next meeting on 9/05. Here, we remain of the opinion that May will also be a month in which we will see no change in interest rates.

As in Poland, 1 May was a public holiday in other countries - both in the EU/EUR zone (Germany, France, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands) and outside the EU region - Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Brazil, China. Interestingly, it is not a public holiday in the USA - where it has its de facto origin.

Looking at the information coming out of the world economies - let's start with the EU countries. Germany's m/m CPI came in at 0.5% - 0.1 percentage points lower than forecast, and exactly the same as the previous month's data. German quarter-on-quarter GDP surprised positively - instead of growth of 0.1%, the reading was 0.2%. These may not yet be any swallows and a signal of recovery, but compared to the previous quarterly figure of -0.5%, it provides some light at the tunnel that the economy is picking up from its lethargy. It should be noted that our economy is highly correlated with the German economy - due to the fact that it is our largest trade partner - or more precisely in the export of goods from our country.

The y/y CPI for the EU zone came in at 2.4%, which was fully in line with analysts' expectations. The underlying indicator turned out to be better and here we saw 2.7% instead of the forecast 2.6%. GDP in y/y terms rose to 0.4% (forecast 0.2%) and 0.3% m/m (forecast 0.1%). This data was a positive surprise and gives a signal that the European economy is likely to recover from the slowdown. Looking at other data from the EU, Switzerland and the UK, we saw a slight improvement in the PMIs in Germany and France and strong increases in Spain and the UK ( 52.5 and 54.1 respectively). Switzerland and Italy fared significantly worse. On balance, the PMI for the EU zone gained - with a reading of 45.7 - but this is still a value that shows that entrepreneurs remain quite cautious after all.

AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

1 May was not a public holiday in the US - and it was on this day that the Fed meeting fell. In line with earlier forecasts, the markets expected no change and indeed - interest rates remained in their current range of 5.25-5.75%. If rates are not changed in the next month - and all signs point to that - we will have a situation where there has been no change in rates for a full year. After the recent statements by Jerome Powell and other Fed members - it has become clear that persistent inflationary pressures and too little positive macro-market data, means that the decision to start a series of interest rate cuts is again receding. In our view - Q4 is the most likely moment for the first cuts. Assuming 2 cuts of 25 basis points each - this could happen in the last 2 months of 2024.

Returning to the EU for a moment - there are increasing indications that the ECB will make an interest rate cut move as early as its June meeting and we will see the first declines in months - starting at 25 basis points. The inflation forecasts, which should also be published this month, will be important in this context. This will also signal how the ECB will behave on the next cuts and whether we will see a series of 3-5 cuts later this year.


Source: investing.com

Let's take a look at how the zloty has behaved during this quiet week. With fewer active players in the market, the zloty against the EUR traded in the EUR/PLN 4.3150-4.3420 range - with higher levels recorded on 1 May - i.e. when the market was not active. The second day of May corrected the rates about 70 points lower - and we ended trading closer to EUR/PLN 4.3350 After such a week - we will see if the zloty will move closer to the EUR/PLN 4.3000 support, or if we will temporarily remain in the range trading EUR/PLN 4.3200-4.3400.

EUR/PLN - perspective of the last 10 days

ISrjMTsAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

Looking at the US currency, in a fairly shallow market - we saw volatility resulting from small volumes traded in the market and changes on EUR/USD. As can be seen on the chart - we saw the highest USD/PLN prices on 1 May, when both the PLN and EUR were not actively traded. Apart from the breakout under USD/PLN 4.0730, for the rest of the week we were dealing with resistance around 4.0500. Towards the end of the week, the strengthening dollar translated into a strengthening of the zloty in the vicinity of 4.0230. For a while we were dealing with the USD/PLN 4.0040 level - but again - the long weekend in PL affected such spikes in exchange rate volatility.

In our view - the current week may test USD/PLN's descent closer to 4.0050, while remaining in a corridor with resistance at 4.0470.

USD/PLN in the perspective of the last 10 days

6USr0Xr5qUBAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

EUR/USD quotes have been showing increased volatility recently. This is certainly influenced by a plethora of emerging macroeconomic data, which does not clearly show which direction the two economies are heading. The US economy struggling with stubborn inflation vs the EU economy trying to break out of its slump, but which has managed to reduce inflation to desirable levels.

With recent data from both sides of the ocean - we can expect EUR/USD1.0600 to remain strong support - while 1.0800 remains strong resistance. The last week has seen a strengthening of the dollar, which has recently bounced off 1.0650 and back to pricing in the EUR/USD 1.0760-1.0780 area. Arguably, we will see more volatility and change with the first ECB interest rate decision in June, but it is too early to analyse how strongly the relationship between the two currencies will change.

EUR/USD over the last 10 days

JU9OfCnUCgUCoVCoVAoFAqFQqFQKBQKhUKhUChKT0RJjj9JkiRJkiRJkiRJkiRJkiRJkiRJKvUy5v8BAX50mVO5JWYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=

How have oil prices behaved in the current situation? In spite of the situation in the Middle East, which remains unstable, oil contract prices have started to fall successively. Since the conflict, we have gone from a price of USD 92/barrel to USD 10 lower. In contrast, natural gas contracts, on which we have seen increased trading, have become more expensive.

BRENT crude oil - last 3 months USD/barrel

nFE+VTToiAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

Gold - the strong USD 2,400/ounce resistance level proved too strong to break and investors returned to trade around USD 2,300/ounce. Despite the correction, analysts maintain that gold - as well as copper recently - is likely to be an interesting asset again, By way of a curiosity - recently, cocoa - which allowed high returns to be obtained on active trading - was the most interesting asset in the "commodities" markets. Recently, however, declines of more than 11% were registered, which may mean that active players are again looking for a "new theme". Will they return to gold? As we have seen - interest in gold cyclically returns. So - the mentioned earlier USD 2,700USD/barrel level still remains a possible scenario, only that it is a bit more distant in time.

Gold - last 3 months USD/ounce

AyS5FFuNnEVpAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

Finally, a brief look at our stock market. The WIG is anchored around 84,000 points and is clearly waiting for a stronger signal to encourage investors. Similarly, the WIG20 is unable to permanently break through the strong resistance at 2,5000.

ATevGtf+rlckAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC

Szymon Jańczak

Director of Treasury Department

Aforti BIZ 

×Sorry. Your browser an unknown bot does not meet the minimum requirements of our platform. Please update your browser!